If you're new to electric bikes, you may have noticed that most of them are marketed with a Class designation. If you're wondering "what the heck is that?", wonder no more! Electric bike classes a way to define the power and capabilities of e-bikes. It's important to note that while classes are based on legal definitions and restrictions, these laws are not universal! They vary significantly from country to country, and within smaller regions (such as US states, or even cities) laws often vary widely.
What Class 2 (usually) means for Electric Bikes in the US and Canada:
- Top speed of 20mph (32kph)
- Motor power of 750 watts or less (this is nominal wattage, not peak)
- Motor power can be activated by pedal assist, and/or by throttle
What Class 2 (usually) means for Electric Bikes in Europe:
Who knows? 🤷 Seriously though, this is a matter of much debate in Europe and rules and availability vary widely from place to place. For most European countries, an e-bike must be limited to 250 watts or less and have a top speed of 25kph (15.5mph), with pedal assist only - that's right, no throttles! If an e-bike is more powerful than that, and especially if it has a throttle, it would technically be considered a moped or light motorcycle; this is typically an L1e-A designation, here is an example of the criteria from Ireland.
To further confuse things, enforcement of e-bike regulations tends to vary even more, with many law enforcement officers not even knowing the laws regarding PEV use in their jurisdictions. For example, in Fort Collins CO it's technically illegal to ride e-bikes on many multi-use trails in the city, but as long as you're riding under 20mph and not being a jerk, no one will care.
The moral of the story: Research laws for your area, and if possible talk to local experts. E-bike shop owners are great for this!
